Sunday, July 22, 2012

Berít Olám (2 Samuel 7:1-17)



     King David is a central figure in Judaism . . . he was the ruler over the last undivided house of Israel, who unified the twelve tribes, and whose reign has never been equaled since.  Jewish messianic expectations revolve around him, around a Messiah in the Davidic line who will restore the monarchy to its former glory.  Christians, of course, believe that Jesus Christ was that Messiah, and that his glorious reign is of a different nature than earthly glory or military might.  Be that as it may, David is important in both of our traditions, so it behooves us to spend a little time with him.
     But first a little background.  David, you will recall, was not the first King of Israel . . . that honor belonged to Saul.  Not that God really wanted a king, you understand . . . God warned the people through Samuel – the last of the judges, who (coincidentally, I’m sure) would lose his high-paying job if a king were to arise – God warned the people of all the bad things that would happen if they got themselves a king, but they didn’t listen, and so God had Samuel pick Saul who – holy self-fulfilling prophecy – turned out to be a less than stellar ruler, and the Spirit of God left him and an evil spirit sent from God took its place and drove him nuts, and he chased David all over Palestine before getting cornered and falling on his own sword.  So much for Saul.
     And now David is king, and he’s the best thing anybody’s ever seen, the best thing since sliced way-bread, and he defeats all his enemies – with God’s help, of course – and he’s living in a cedar house in Jerusalem – that’s a sure mark of kingliness, if you’ve developed a taste for cedar – and he gets to ruminating about how here he’s living in the lap of luxury and God’s ark is living in a tent, and there’s this prophet named Nathan who would no doubt like to serve God in a shiny new cedar temple, and son of a gun if he doesn’t say “Go, do what you have in mind; for the Lord is with you.”  But the Lord has other ideas, and that very night God tells Nathan “Go and tell my servant David:  Thus says the Lord:  Are you the one to build me a house of cedar?”  Uh, oh . . . sarcasm.  It’s never good when the Lord gets sarcastic.  God goes on “I haven’t lived in a house since the day I brought y’all up out of the land of Egypt” – not-so-subtly reminding them of who did what for whom – “but I’ve been going around in a tent and tabernacle.”
     And can you see that this speech is a remarkably understated piece of prose?  At once it conveys God’s disdain for the idea of living in cedar, and at the same time subtly rebukes David for doing the same.  I mean, if a tent is good enough for God – ruler of all rulers, monarch of all monarchs – shouldn’t a tent, or even a moth-eaten bedroll, for Moses’ sake – be good enough for David who, lest he forget, serves at God’s pleasure? God is mobile, on the move, floating like a butterfly, stinging like a bee, like David . . .  or like David used to be, before he settled into his fancy-schmancy house of cedar.
     And God reminds David about his forebears, the ones God didn’t want replaced by a king, and he says “Did I ever once speak any word to any of your predecessors, any of the tribal leaders of Israel – whom, by the way, I commanded to shepherd my people Israel – did I ever once say “Gee.  I’d really love a house of cedar.  Why haven’t you built me a house of cedar?”  And this whole line of thought, of David getting a little fat and happy in his wooden house, will come to a head in next week’s passage, where David stays at home while others go to war . . .
     But here the God of the highways and hedges, of the tents and tabernacles, takes out after David and his request to build him a place to stay . . . this God is free, not to be confined to anyone’s box, not to be molded into anyone’s shape.  And that’s what David is trying to do . . . he’s trying to build God a place of his own choosing, to use God to legitimate his own regime, his own living-in-cedar-clad luxury . . . David wants to remake God in his own image, so he can justify the way he himself wants to live . . . and of course there’s always a lot of that going around, isn’t there?  There’s always a lot of cedar thinking to be had in organized religion . . . the most obvious being the purveyors of prosperity doctrine, the sellers of “God wants you to be happy or rich or insert-your-own-good-thing-here.”  They’re most obvious on Trinity Broadcast Network with their golden-throned sets and their “Something good is going to happen to you” message.  But those targets are only the most obvious, they’re low-hanging fruit, almost too easy . . . and they’re so egregious, so over-the-top that they obscure the fact that even mainline churches have their own air-conditioned houses of cedar built for God to occupy in a way that’s suits them just so . . .
     Rick Warren, author of the Purpose-Driven Life, built a huge Southern Baptist church in California called Saddleback.  And he did it in a wholly unconventional way – he didn’t build a church building, at least at first.  He began by going out into the community, propagating small groups in homes, house-churches, if you will.  By the time they got around to building a cedar house, they had ten-thousand members.  And he did it in part to avoid cedar thinking, to avoid the comfortable, this-is-where-God-lives mentality that afflicts so many congregations . . . he did it to avoid the worship-of-the-church building and carpet and stained-glass-rose-window that plagues the mission of so many congregations, which after all is to spread the gospel in deed, thought and word . . .
     Warren did build a church, there’s value to be had in corporate worship and program development, but only after he’d established the moving-about-the-community, moving-out-into-the-community ethos of Saddleback.  He knew that our God is a mobile God, an outward facing God, who won’t be confined to a brick-and-mortar building any more than to a house clad in cedar.
     The God of David and Rick Warren and you and me and Christians everywhere is a God that’s unpredictable, a God who’s in-motion who will go wherever God wants, will be whomever God wants.  And in the second part of our passage that freedom is demonstrated in a breath-taking pact with David.  First God reviews what has been done for David, summarized in a succinct triplet of verbs:  I took you from the pasture; I have been with you wherever you went; I have cut off all your enemies.  One, two, three.  God took him up, out of obscurity, out of drudgery as the runt of Jesse’s litter.  God has been with him in all his trials, all his battles, all his running and hiding from mad kings and enemies.  God took him, was with him, and cut off his foes. One, two three.
     And it’s followed immediately by another triplet, powered by another three verbs, only this time it’s about what God will do in the future.  I will make you a great name.  I will appoint a place for my people Israel.  I will give you rest from all your enemies.  God will make, appoint, and give-rest.  God’s gracious action in the past is followed by gracious actions in the future . . . and note that none of this is conditioned on anything David has done.  As a matter of fact, unlike his offer to build God a cedar house, it is entirely out of David’s hands.
     And speaking of that, over and above all of this, or as God says, moreover, God will make David a house, and here we’re playing with multiple meanings of bet, the Hebrew word for house . . . earlier, in David’s promise and desire, it had meant temple, as in a sanctuary for the Lord.  Now, God has rejected house as a temple but promised house as a dynasty . . . this passage is the birthplace, the taproot of the house of David, over which wars have been fought and around which Messianic expectations swirl.  Surprisingly, David cannot build a house for God, but God can and will build a house for David.  In God’s utter freedom – irrational as it may seem to us – God will extend the favor shown to David in the past into the future as well.
     Unlike previous covenants with the state of Israel, the covenant with David is unconditional –God’s faithful keeping of it does not depend upon anything David or his heirs might do.  In that respect, it’s akin to the covenant with Abraham, whose heirs will be as numerous as stars in the sky.  And in fact, David’s house will be made sure, it will be a sure house, in Hebrew literally an amen bet, a house of amen . . . no matter what David or his heirs do, no matter how badly they behave, their house will be secure, their dynasty will survive . . . it will be an eternal covenant, a Berít Olám . . .
     And of course this blows out of the water the oft-expressed belief that in the Old Testament, God is angry and punishing, but in the New, God is gracious and loving and therefore our God is better than yours . . . here is clear proof otherwise.  In fact, according to Walter Brueggemann, this is the “root of evangelical faith in the Bible: that is, faith that relies on the free promise of the gospel.”[1]  Indeed, if the gospel is that God’s steadfast love is not dependent on anything we do or do not do, if it’s that God will not withdraw his love no matter what, if it’s timeless and without end, then this eternal covenant with King David, this Berít Olám, seems like gospel, like mighty good news, to me.
     For of course that’s how it is with us, isn’t it?  Even though Christians build houses of cedar and worship them, at times, instead of God, even though we stay in our boxes and try to keep God in there with us, even though we co-opt the God for all kinds of national and social agendas, God will not withdraw the favor granted to us through Jesus Christ.  Like God, grace is totally free, totally without cost to us, so gratis we don't even have to accept it.  And because covenant, our Berít Olám is so much like David’s, taking a closer look at it seems like the thing to do.  And so next week, and the week after, we’ll do just that.  Be there or be square.  Amen.




[1]                         Brueggemann, W., First and Second Samuel (Louisville: John Knox Press), p 257.

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