Sunday, July 15, 2012

Herod’s Predicament (Mark 6:14-29)

Sex.  I’ll say it again: Sex!  There . . . are you awake?  That’s one way to perk everybody up, get everyone to pay attention, just mention sex.  Sex—of course—sells, we all know that, it sells deodorant, it sells cars, it sells car insurance, for Pete’s sake.   I recently saw a commercial with a beautiful woman, shapely legs, improbably short skirt, sliding across the seat of her car, with a look of adoring gratitude on her face toward the big strong man who sold her Allstate.  Sex even sells Bible passages . . . I ask you—would we know the story of David and Bathsheba as well as we do if it wasn’t drenched in sex?   It’s like that with this story as well . . . it has seeped into the groundwater of our popular culture, and largely because of its titillation-value . . . who hasn’t heard about Salomé and the  Dance of the Seven Veils?   The dance that drove Herod and his guests wild with desire . . . and the story has darker overtones as well, of incest and greed . . . over the centuries, painters have painted lurid pictures of a nubile Salomé, holding John’s head on a platter . . . Oscar Wilde wrote a play that was banned in many cities . . . Richard Strauss wrote an Opera that in a recent production was labeled  for adults only,  and a few years ago, Wilde’s play was resurrected on Broadway, with no less than Al Pacino as Herod.


Problem is, almost none of this stuff is in the scripture.  There’s no Dance of the Seven Veils, and the daughter of Herod—or is it the daughter of Herodias, as Matthew has it?—is not called Salomé in the scripture at all . . . that’s what the Jewish historian Josephus called her.  And is there really lust in the hearts of Herod and his guests?  It says that his daughter came in to dance and that she pleased Herod and his guest, it doesn’t say anything about inflamed passions and wanton sexuality . . . Mark just calls her a girl, and the Greek word he uses is the same he uses to describe the daughter of the Jairus— a little girl, twelve years old.  And so what this looks like is not some erotic carousal but a cute, innocent little-girl dance, which amuses, not arouses, Herod and his guests.  But why would Herod offer her anything if it were just an innocent frolic?  Ancient, Near-Eastern hospitality codes would suggest that the girl be rewarded for her efforts, and Herod—because of his position as King—would be even more bound by them, and you can just about see Herod—expansive as only an king can be—patting her on the head, saying “Go on . . . whatever you want.”  Maybe she’d ask for a pony, or some ice cream.
And so if that’s the case, if there isn’t any seduction at the core of this story, what’s the point?  Why did Mark choose to include this story?  It’s not like it’s about their main character, Jesus . . . or is it?  Well, Mark uses his famous technique of sandwiching one story in the middle of another, and so it behooves us to look at that here . . . it’s easy to do in bibles like the ones in the pews . . . just open them up and look at the headings for what comes before and after.  And if you do, you’ll see that the heading for the section before this one reads “The Mission of the Twelve,” and the section after says “Feeding the Five Thousand.”  Hmmm . . . curiouser and curiouser . . . looks like it’s sandwiched between two stories about mission—the sending-out of the disciples and an example of what they are sent out to do—so does that have something to do with it, perhaps?
But what could the killing of an itinerant preacher have to do with the mission of the followers of Jesus?  True . . . Herod mistakes Jesus for John raised up, which would be natural, because Jesus was doing some of the same things John did—notably, performing miracles and collecting disciples—and saying some of the same things, as in the kingdom of God is at hand.  And Herod may have thought, maybe with a guilty conscience, that like Banquo’s ghost, John had come back to haunt him . . . I can imagine sleepless nights, jumping at any noise, waiting for a ghostly figure to drift in the window to point accusingly at him . . . going over and over in his mind what happened . . . it was at a banquet and it was in his honor, of course, who else’s?  And everybody who was anybody was there . . . all the minor politicians and kiss-ups, all the toadies and hangers-on, all the lesser potentates of forgettable tribes, all carefully arranged by his social secretary in order of importance, in order of political power . . . the most important next to him on either side . . . there, on the right, and about half-way down was Bjorn, personal trainer to the stars, and on the other side, a little closer to the front, Juliet Roberts, the starlet of the moment, in a dress that threatened to break even the lax decency standards of the Empire . . . and they hung on his every word, and even though he knew they were toadies, even though he knew they were just jockeying for power, he felt a rush of pride and ego . . . and way down at the other end of the hall, the press were greedily devouring the worst food and drink in the hall, not that those swine deserved any better, with what they’d been saying about him, the unpatriotic louts . . . didn’t they know we were at war?  Didn’t they know that criticizing the government gave succor to the enemy?  He’d had to hang two of  ‘em just last week.  So when his little step-daughter came skipping in, Herod’s face softened, he couldn’t help it, because he loved his daughter, and he held up his hand for quiet and the little girl began to dance, all eyes in the room were glued to her, and even though he knew they were just trying to butter him up, his heart swelled with pride and a smile creased his face . . . and when she was done, and had taken a cute little bow, and everyone had done applauding, he looked down the table to make sure the press was watching—he’d already checked to see that it was before the print deadline—and he solemnly, but with great flourish, swore to his step-daughter  “Whatever you ask me, I will give you, even half of my kingdom.”  And a sigh of . . . awe . . . swept around the tables, and a little burst of spontaneous applause, and he said to himself  All right!  Am I a King or what?
And he was so taken with his own image of himself—and perhaps some of the fine Corinthian wine he’d inhaled—that he didn’t even notice Herodius standing in the shadows, or that when their daughter whispered in her ear, a cold smile appeared on her face . . . but it sobered him right up when the girl said “Give me the head of John the Baptist on a dinner-plate.”  And his mind worked furiously, trying to figure a way out, trying to weigh the odds . . . he liked John, he liked listening to him, especially when he was safely locked away, not inciting anybody to riot or questioning his morals, but if he didn’t kill him, he’d lose face, and that was only the least of his problems.  These . . .  hyenas around the table would smell blood the minute he wavered, the second he even looked like he was welshing on a kingly promise.  And what about his Roman masters?  What would they think?  He knew the answer to that . . . they’d see it as a sign of weakness, that he’d give a fig about that seditious riffraff, that smelly, pit-scratching rabble-rouser, and the Romans didn’t get to be the proprietors of an empire by keeping weak underlings around, and it would likely cost him his head, and all his family’s as well . . . and then it became a no-brainer, cause he liked his own head a lot better than John’s, and immediately he sent and had it lopped off.
And right here that we need to pause and think about what's going on . . . Herod didn't want to kill John, he enjoyed talking with him, listening to him, even though he'd had him jailed for saying things he didn't like . . . maybe that was part of John's attraction.  Maybe Herod got tired of all the yes-men, all the sycophants buzzing around them like flies, maybe he respected somebody like John, at least as long as they're safely locked up so they can't foment revolution or anything . . . whatever the reason, Herod didn't want to kill him, but he was backed into a corner, he had to bow to the will of the crowds—I mean guests—and does this remind you of something?  Does it remind you of another ruler who doesn't want to execute someone, but gets backed into a corner?  And here's the key to what Mark's trying to do here, the comparison he's trying to make . . . of course, Pilate is pressured in exactly the same way.  He doesn't want to convict Jesus, he doesn't want to execute him, but he's backed into a corner by the crowd, which has settled on a victim, that demands he execute the Christ.
And now we understand that bit back at the beginning, about how Herod mistakes Jesus for John.  It’s a big fat clue: we are to see the likeness ourselves . . . John preaches the kingdom, Jesus preaches the kingdom . . . John performs healings and exorcisms, Jesus performs healings and exorcisms . . . John is killed for his activities, and so is Jesus.  And Mark wraps the whole story up in mission—first the commissioning of the twelve disciples, to go two-by-two out into the countryside, and then the feeding of the five-thousand, with its echoes of the last supper . . . Following Christ is dangerous, Mark is saying . . . following Jesus—healing like him, feeding the poor like him, preaching the good news like him—might just mean dying like him, as it did for John.
And of course, through the ages, this has been true . . . Paul, beheaded in Rome . . . Peter crucified upside down in the same place.  Thecla—martyred.  Justin—martyred.  John Wycliffe, Joan of Arc, William Tyndale . . .  all killed because they are Christians.  And it’s still going on today . . . all over the world, Christians are being killed or persecuted for their faith . . . in countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam . . . wherever Christians stand up and speak out against the governments of their countries, wherever they are perceived to be a menace to the status quo, they are silenced.
We often think of the death of Jesus as a solitary event in history, and in some ways it was . . . after all, it was the Son of God up there, spiked to a tree . . . but this comparison to John shows us that in other ways, it was far from unique . . . like John, he was condemned to death for what he said, what he preached, and—again like John—he was killed not by one man, but by the system in which he lived . . . in a real sense, it wasn’t Herod and Pilate that killed them, but the whole society, the whole milieu in which they lived.  Herod was a tool, a factotum in the great Roman machine . . . if he refused to do what the machine required, he would be replaced, like a broken wheel or a worn-out gear . . . Pilate was in the same boat . . . when the crowd blood-thirstily called out “Crucify him, crucify him!” he bowed to the inevitable, and gave Jesus over to be killed.  Either man could have shown personal courage, either one could have refused, but then somebody else would’ve been found, and the job would’ve been done anyway . . . Mark is very careful to show this . . . both men—both John and Jesus—are victims of forces greater than just a single man or woman.  They are killed by an entire culture, an entire society, because they are threats to the status quo, menaces to the powers that be.
It is an article of faith for us that God so loved the world, that he sent God’s only-begotten son, that in fact God came to earth, shed of God-hood—emptied of it, to quote Paul—to suffer as humans suffer, to identify with us . . . and in this story, in the story of John and Herod and his dancing daughter, we see who he identified with . . . he identified with the oppressed of the world, with those condemned to die for being on the outside looking in, or for being a thorn in the side of the powers and principalities of this world.  He came to stand in solidarity with—and to die in solidarity with—John the Baptist, Paul of Tarsus and every poverty-stricken campesino laboring for absentee landlords in Central America.  He said it in his mission statement, in his first sermon over in Luke: he came to bring good news to the poor, proclaim release to the captives, and to let the oppressed go free.
Mark wrapped this story in mission for a reason, and it’s more than just a warning, more than just a heads-up to what Christians can expect . . . following Christ, doing his mission, means standing with him against the oppressive powers, along-side of those who are under their thumbs . . . and as Christians, we need to ask ourselves who those people are in our society, who would Jesus stand with?  Is it the single parent with three children, working for a non-living-wage job, barely able to buy food?   Is it the homeless Vietnam vet, head filled with demons, wandering lost down the highway?  Who would Jesus stand with today, who are the oppressed, the poor and the captives?  As Christians, it is our job to stand with them too . . . but not alone.  Because if we stand with the oppressed, if we stand with the hungry, if we stand with the sick and the blind and the lame, one thing we can be sure of is that we won’t be alone.  Because that’s where Jesus will be as well.  Amen.

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